Motion Transitioning
Light-weight API for building UIViewController transitions.
This library standardizes the way transitions are built on iOS so that with a single line of code you can pick the custom transition you want to use:
let viewController = MyViewController()
viewController.mdm_transitionController.transition = CustomTransition()
present(viewController, animated: true)
MyViewController *viewController = [[MyViewController alloc] init];
viewController.mdm_transitionController.transition = [[CustomTransition alloc] init];
[self presentViewController:viewController animated:true completion:nil];
The easiest way to make a transition with this library is to create a class that conforms to the
Transition
protocol:
final class CustomTransition: NSObject, Transition {
func start(with context: TransitionContext) {
CATransaction.begin()
CATransaction.setCompletionBlock {
context.transitionDidEnd()
}
// Add animations...
CATransaction.commit()
}
}
@interface CustomTransition: NSObject <MDMTransition>
@end
@implementation CustomTransition
- (void)startWithContext:(id<MDMTransitionContext>)context {
[CATransaction begin];
[CATransaction setCompletionBlock:^{
[context transitionDidEnd];
}];
// Add animations...
[CATransaction commit];
}
@end
Installation
Installation with CocoaPods
CocoaPods is a dependency manager for Objective-C and Swift libraries. CocoaPods automates the process of using third-party libraries in your projects. See the Getting Started guide for more information. You can install it with the following command:
gem install cocoapods
Add MotionTransitioning
to your Podfile
:
pod 'MotionTransitioning'
Then run the following command:
pod install
Usage
Import the framework:
@import MotionTransitioning;
You will now have access to all of the APIs.
Example apps/unit tests
Check out a local copy of the repo to access the Catalog application by running the following commands:
git clone https://github.com/material-motion/transitioning-objc.git
cd transitioning-objc
pod install
open MotionTransitioning.xcworkspace
Guides
- Architecture
- How to create a fade transition
- How to customize presentation
- How to customize navigation controller transitions
Architecture
Background: Transitions in iOS are customized by setting a
transitioningDelegate
on a view controller. When a view controller is presented, UIKit will ask the transitioning delegate for an animation, interaction, and presentation controller. These controllers are then expected to implement the transition's motion.
MotionTransitioning provides a thin layer atop these protocols with the following advantages:
- Every view controller has its own transition controller. This encourages choosing the transition based on the context.
- Transitions are represented in terms of backward/forward rather than from/to. When presenting, we're moving forward. When dismissing, we're moving backward. This allows transition code to be written with fewer conditional branches of logic.
- Transition objects can customize their behavior by conforming to the family of
TransitionWith*
protocols.
How to create a fade transition
We'll create a new fade transition so that the following lines of code customizes the presentation and dismissal of our view controller:
let viewController = MyViewController()
viewController.mdm_transitionController.transition = FadeTransition()
present(viewController, animated: true)
Step 1: Define a new Transition type
A transition is an NSObject
subclass that conforms to the Transition
protocol.
The only method you have to implement is start(with context:)
. This method is invoked each time
the associated view controller is presented or dismissed.
final class FadeTransition: NSObject, Transition {
func start(with context: TransitionContext) {
}
}
Step 2: Invoke the completion handler once all animations are complete
Every transition is provided with a transition context. The transition context must be told when the transition's motion has completed so that the context can then inform UIKit of the view controller transition's completion.
If using explicit Core Animation animations:
final class FadeTransition: NSObject, Transition {
func start(with context: TransitionContext) {
CATransaction.begin()
CATransaction.setCompletionBlock {
context.transitionDidEnd()
}
// Your motion...
CATransaction.commit()
}
}
If using implicit UIView animations:
final class FadeTransition: NSObject, Transition {
func start(with context: TransitionContext) {
UIView.animate(withDuration: context.duration, animations: {
// Your motion...
}, completion: { didComplete in
context.transitionDidEnd()
})
}
}
Step 3: Implement the motion
With the basic scaffolding in place, you can now implement your motion. For simplicity's sake we'll use implicit UIView animations in this example to build our motion, but you're free to use any animation system you prefer.
final class FadeTransition: NSObject, Transition {
func start(with context: TransitionContext) {
// This is a fairly rudimentary way to calculate the values on either side of the transition.
// You may want to try different patterns until you find one that you prefer.
// Also consider trying the MotionAnimator library provided by the Material Motion team:
// https://github.com/material-motion/motion-animator-objc
let backOpacity = 0
let foreOpacity = 1
let initialOpacity = context.direction == .forward ? backOpacity : foreOpacity
let finalOpacity = context.direction == .forward ? foreOpacity : backOpacity
context.foreViewController.view.alpha = initialOpacity
UIView.animate(withDuration: context.duration, animations: {
context.foreViewController.view.alpha = finalOpacity
}, completion: { didComplete in
context.transitionDidEnd()
})
}
}
How to customize presentation
Customize the presentation of a transition when you need to do any of the following:
- Add views, such as dimming views, that live beyond the lifetime of the transition.
- Change the destination frame of the presented view controller.
You have two options for customizing presentation:
- Use the provided
TransitionPresentationController
API. - Build your own UIPresentationController subclass.
Option 2: Subclass UIPresentationController
Start by defining a new presentation controller type:
final class MyPresentationController: UIPresentationController {
}
Your Transition type must conform to TransitionWithPresentation
in order to customize
presentation. Return your custom presentation controller class from the required methods and be sure
to return the .custom
presentation style, otherwise UIKit will not use your presentation
controller.
extension VerticalSheetTransition: TransitionWithPresentation {
func defaultModalPresentationStyle() -> UIModalPresentationStyle {
return .custom
}
func presentationController(forPresented presented: UIViewController,
presenting: UIViewController,
source: UIViewController?) -> UIPresentationController? {
return MyPresentationController(presentedViewController: presented, presenting: presenting)
}
}
If your presentation controller needs to animate anything, you can conform to the Transition
protocol in order to receive a start
invocation each time a transition begins. The presentation
controller's start
will be invoked before the transition's start
.
Note: Just like your transition, your presentation controller must eventually call
transitionDidEnd
on its context, otherwise your transition will not complete. This is because the transitioning controller waits until all associated transitions have completed before informing UIKit of the view controller transition's completion.
extension MyPresentationController: Transition {
func start(with context: TransitionContext) {
// Your motion...
}
}
How to customize navigation controller transitions
UINavigationController
ignores the transitioningDelegate
property on any view
controller pushed onto or popped off of the stack, instead relying on its delegate instance to
customize any transitions. This means that our transitionController
will be
ignored by a navigation controller.
In order to customize individual push/pop transitions with the transitionController
, you
can make use of the TransitionNavigationControllerDelegate
singleton class. If you
assign a shared delegate to your navigation controller's delegate, your navigation controller
will honor the animation and interaction settings defined by your individual view controller's
transitionController
.
navigationController.delegate = TransitionNavigationControllerDelegate.sharedDelegate()
// Subsequent pushes and pops will honor the pushed/popped view controller's
// transitionController settings as though the view controllers were being
// presented/dismissed.
Contributing
We welcome contributions!
Check out our upcoming milestones.
Learn more about our team, our community, and our contributor essentials.
License
Licensed under the Apache 2.0 license. See LICENSE for details.